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Module 1 - Basic Arithmetic Review

Overview

This module reviews the core arithmetic skills that underpin every nursing calculation you will encounter in clinical practice. Before calculating a drug dose or an IV flow rate, you need to be confident with the fundamentals covered here.

Work through each topic in order — each one builds on the last.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this module you should be able to:

  • Perform operations with whole numbers, fractions, and decimals
  • Round numbers correctly to the required decimal place
  • Calculate percentages
  • Recognize and apply patient safety rules around decimal notation
  • Apply these skills to basic clinical scenarios

Topics

Topic Key Skills
Whole Numbers Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
Fractions Simplifying, multiplying, dividing, adding
Decimals Operations, comparing, leading and trailing zeros
Rounding Nearest whole, tenth, hundredth — nursing standards
Percentages Converting, calculating, IV concentrations

Estimated Time

Approximately 1-2 hours including practice problems.

Clinical Relevance

Why This Matters

Every dosage calculation in this course reduces to basic arithmetic at the final step. A rounding error, a misplaced decimal point, or a percentage miscalculation can result in a patient receiving the wrong dose.

These are not abstract math skills — they are patient safety skills.

Before You Begin

Have a pen and paper ready. Attempt every practice problem by hand before checking the answer. Writing out each step builds the habit of showing your work — which is expected in clinical practice and on competency exams.

Patient Safety — Decimal Notation

Two rules you must know before any medication calculation:

  • Always write a leading zero0.5 mg not .5 mg
  • Never write a trailing zero5 mg not 5.0 mg

These rules exist because misread decimals are a leading cause of medication errors. They will be reinforced throughout this course.